Ibyuma bidafite ibyuma bikoreshwa cyane mu nganda zigezweho no mu ngo zo mu rugo bitewe no kwangirika kwabo, ubwiza bw’isuku n’isuku. Kuva mu bikoresho byo mu gikoni kugeza mu bice by’inganda, iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga ritunganya ibyuma bitagira umwanda ntiriteza imbere gusa ubumenyi bw’ibikoresho, ahubwo ritanga abashushanya naba injeniyeri bafite intera nini yo guhanga udushya. Ibikurikira ningingo zingenzi zubumenyi mugutunganya ibicuruzwa byuma bidafite ingese.
Ubwa mbere, ibintu bifatika
Ibyuma bitagira umuyonga ni icyuma gishingiye ku cyuma kirimo byibura chromium 10.5%. Chromium ikora firime yuzuye ya oxyde hejuru, itanga ibyuma bitagira umwanda birwanya ruswa. Ibyuma bitagira umwanda birashobora kandi kuba birimo ibindi bintu nka nikel, molybdenum, titanium, nibindi. Kwiyongera kwibi bintu birashobora kunoza kwangirika kwangirika, imbaraga hamwe nubudodo bwibikoresho.
Icya kabiri, tekinoroji yo gutunganya
Igikorwa cyo gutunganya ibyuma bitagira umwanda birimo gukata, gukora, gusudira, kuvura hejuru nizindi ntambwe. Bitewe nuburemere nubushyuhe bwo kuvura biranga ibyuma bidafite ingese, gutunganya birashobora gusaba ibikoresho bidasanzwe hamwe nibikorwa byo gutunganya. Kurugero, gukata lazeri no gukata plasma nuburyo busanzwe bwo guca ibyuma bitagira umwanda, mugihe imashini zunama za CNC zikwiranye nakazi katoroshye.
Icya gatatu, tekinoroji yo gusudira
Gusudira ibyuma bitagira umuyonga nuburyo busanzwe bwo guhuza ibice, ariko hagomba kwitonderwa byumwihariko ikibazo cya okiside mugikorwa cyo gusudira.TIG (Tungsten Inert Gas Arc Welding) na MIG (Metal Inert Gas Shielded Welding) nubuhanga busanzwe bwibyuma bitagira umwanda. gusudira, birashobora gutanga ubudodo bwiza bwo hejuru no kwinjira neza.
Icya kane, kuvura hejuru
Ubuhanga bwo kuvura hejuru yicyuma kitagira umwanda burimo gusiga, gushushanya, gufata amasahani, nibindi. Kurugero, indorerwamo zohanagura zirashobora gutuma ibyuma bidafite ingese bigaragarira amaso, mugihe gushushanya gushushanya bitanga ubuso bwa matte.
Icya gatanu, kuvura ubushyuhe
Kuvura ubushyuhe nuburyo bwingenzi bwo kunoza imiterere yumubiri wibyuma, harimo gukemura annealing, kuzimya no gutwarwa. Mugucunga uburyo bwo gushyushya no gukonjesha, microstructure yicyuma kitagira umwanda irashobora guhinduka, ikazamura ubukana bwayo, imbaraga nubukomere.
Icya gatandatu, gutekereza kubitekerezo
Mugihe cyo gushushanya ibyuma byuma bidafite ingese, birakenewe ko harebwa uburyo ibintu byakoreshwa hamwe nibidukikije. Kurugero, ibibazo byangirika byaho byuma bidafite ingese (nko gutobora no kwangirika kwangirika) bigomba kwirindwa binyuze muguhitamo ibintu neza no gushushanya. Byongeye kandi, coefficente yo kwagura ubushyuhe bwibyuma bidafite ingese ni ndende, kandi igishushanyo kigomba kuzirikana ingaruka zimpinduka zubushyuhe ku bunini bwibicuruzwa.
Birindwi, Kugenzura Ubuziranenge
Kugenzura ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa bidafite ibyuma birimo ubugenzuzi bwibikoresho, kugenzura inzira no kugerageza ibicuruzwa byarangiye. Tekinike yo gupima idasenya nko gupima ultrasonic, gupima imirasire, nibindi birashobora gukoreshwa mugushakisha inenge imbere. Kandi ibizamini byo kurwanya ruswa, kugerageza gukomera, nibindi bikoreshwa mugusuzuma kurwanya ruswa hamwe nubukanishi bwibicuruzwa.
Icya munani, kurengera ibidukikije no kuramba
Ibyuma bitagira umwanda ni ibikoresho bisubirwamo cyane, kandi imyanda iva mu kuyikora no kuyitunganya irashobora gukoreshwa neza. Mugushushanya no gutunganya ibicuruzwa bitagira umwanda, ibiranga ibidukikije nibidukikije bigomba kwitabwaho kugirango bigabanye ingaruka kubidukikije.
Gutunganya ibicuruzwa byuma bidafite ingese nicyiciro kinini kirimo siyanse yibikoresho, tekinoroji yo gutunganya, gushushanya ubwiza nibidukikije. Gusobanukirwa ibintu bifatika byibyuma bitagira umwanda, tekinoroji yo gutunganya, tekinoroji yo gusudira, gutunganya hejuru yubutaka, uburyo bwo gutunganya ubushyuhe, gutekereza kubishushanyo mbonera, kugenzura ubuziranenge, kurengera ibidukikije no kuramba hamwe nizindi ngingo zingenzi zubumenyi ningirakamaro cyane mukuzamura ireme ryibicuruzwa, guteza imbere udushya twikoranabuhanga no kubigeraho iterambere rirambye.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-06-2024